Resumo Objetivos: descrever o perfil de utilização de medicamentos e de adesão, e a associação com as características clínicas e sociodemográficas de gestantes de alto risco atendidas em um hospital universitário. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal com dados coletados mediante um questionário estruturado aplicado à 386 gestantes. Resultados: a maior parte das participantes era acompanhada apenas pelo ginecologista (75,1%), iniciou o pré-natal no primeiro trimestre gestacional (86,8%), não planejou a gravidez (61,9%) e realizou em média 8,2 (DP=4,4) consultas de pré-natal. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram hipertensão arterial (20,5%) e diabetes mellitus (19,7%). A prevalência de uso de medicamentos foi 99,7%, com média de 5,1 (DP=2,1) medicamentos por mulher e 12,7% de automedicação. Os antianêmicos (88,9%) e analgésicos (63,2%) foram as classes farmacológicas mais prevalentes e 17,9% das gestantes referiram uso de fármacos com risco gestacional relevante. Apenas 36,5% das gestantes foram consideradas aderentes ao tratamento, 32,9% declararam desconhecer a indicação dos medicamentos em uso e 42% não receberam orientações sobre o uso de medicamentos durante a gestação. Não há evidências de associação entre o número de medicamentos utilizados e os aspectos clínicos e sociodemográficos. Conclusão: é necessário desenvolver estratégias para melhorar o atendimento desta população e o uso racional de medicamentos, com ênfase no fortalecimento do cuidado multiprofssional.

Abstract Objectives: describe the profile of medication use and adherence, and the association with clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of high-risk pregnant women attended at a university hospital. Methods: cross-sectional study with data collected through a questionnaire applied on 386 pregnant women. Results: most participants were seen only by the gynecologist (75.1%), started prenatal in the first gestational trimester (86.8%), did not plan the pregnancy (61.9%), and performed an average of 8.2 (SD=4.4) prenatal consultations. The most frequent diagnoses were arterial hypertension (20.5%) and diabetes mellitus (19.7%). Prevalence of medication use was 99.7%, with an average of 5.1 (SD=2.1) medication per woman and 12.7% self-medication. Antianemics (88.9%) and analgesics (63.2%) were the most prevalent classes and 17.9% of the women reported the use of medication with significant gestational risk. Only 36.5% were considered adherent, 32.9% declared they were unaware of the indication of the medication in use and 42% did not receive guidance on the use of the medication during pregnancy. There is no evidence of association between the number of the medication used and clinical and sociodemographic aspects. Conclusions: there is a need to develop strategies to improve the care of this population, with emphasis on strengthening multi-professional care.

ABSTRACT The chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treatment is currently based on the use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), and patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 (GT3) have emerged as a more difficult-to-cure population. The NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir (DCV) and sofosbuvir (SOF), an NS5B viral polymerase inhibitor, are among the drugs that compose more effective and safer treatment regimens. The virus genetic variability is related to resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) that adversely impact DAAs effectiveness. The aims of this study were to analyze the association of NS5A and NS5B RASs and other clinical factors with DAAs regimens effectiveness in patients with GT3 CHC infection. This was a prospective cohort study performed in a Brazilian university hospital. Individuals older than 18 years with GT3 CHC treated with SOF + DCV ± ribavirin (RBV) or SOF + peginterferon (PEG) + RBV were included. Blood samples were collected at baseline and post-treatment. A total of 121 patients were included. Sustained virological response rates were 87.6% for the SOF + DCV ± RBV group and 80.0% for the SOF + PEG + RBV arm. Cirrhosis, prior treatment with interferon/PEG + RBV, and baseline NS5A RAS were associated with higher risk of treatment failure. The NS5A analysis suggested that A30K, Y93H, and RAS at site 62 were related to failure. Interestingly, a likely compensatory effect was shown between A30K and A62T. Emergence of Y93H was always associated with RAS at position 62. The RASs dynamics comprehension is an important tool to indicate more effective treatment for GT3 patients.

Abstract INTRODUCTION This systematic review aimed to assess antibiotic use in Brazilian hospitals in the 21st century, as well as to understand the different drug utilization metrics adopted to assess the consumption of these drugs. METHODS We systematically reviewed five databases (MEDLINE [Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online], CENTRAL [The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials], EMBASE® [Excerpta Medica Database], Scopus [Elsevier’s abstract and citation database], and LILACS [Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde]) for observational or experimental studies that assessed antibiotic utilization in Brazilian hospitals. The main outcomes were the drug utilization metrics and the consumption of antibiotics. RESULTS We included 23 studies, of which 43.5% were carried out in adult and pediatric care units, 39.1% in adult units, and 17.4% in pediatric units. Regarding the complexity of healthcare, 26.1% of the studies were performed in intensive care units. Two drug utilization metrics were used in these studies: the defined daily dose (DDD) and the percentage of antibiotic prescriptions. The most commonly used antibiotic classes were third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and combinations of penicillins when the DDD was the adopted drug utilization metric. CONCLUSIONS Although few studies have been conducted, existing data indicate a high use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. We found that the lack of standardized antibiotic utilization metrics impaired the mapping of drug consumption at the national level.

RESUMO Objetivo Desenvolver e realizar a validação de conteúdo de uma ferramenta para seleção de pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica a serem atendidos em serviços de cuidado farmacêutico, com base na identificação daqueles com maior necessidade dessa assistência. Métodos O instrumento foi desenvolvido e avaliado por validação de face e conteúdo, subdividida em três fases. A fase I abordou ampla revisão bibliográfica, que originou a versão inicial da ferramenta. Na fase II, realizou-se a validação com a análise de um painel de experts . A fase III foi composta por estudo piloto realizado com pacientes com hipertensão, tendo sido definida a versão final do instrumento. Resultados A partir da revisão bibliográfica, 30 estudos foram consultados, e foram selecionados 13 fatores associados ao controle e à ocorrência de complicações, relacionados à hipertensão arterial sistêmica e a doenças cardiovasculares. Por conseguinte, mediante a versão inicial da ferramenta intitulada INSAF-HAS, realizaram-se quatro reuniões com especialistas, para obtenção de consenso final. A cada encontro, o instrumento foi aprimorado. No estudo piloto, 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial sistêmica foram abordados para o pré-teste de avaliação da aplicabilidade e, após as adequações, obteve-se a versão final do INSAF-HAS. Conclusão A ferramenta elaborada INSAF-HAS apresenta validade de face e conteúdo. Ela deve contribuir para a seleção de pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e com maior necessidade de participação em serviços de cuidado farmacêutico.

ABSTRACT Objective To develop and validate the content of a tool aimed to select patients with hypertension for pharmaceutical care, based on identification of individuals in greater need of attention. Methods The tool was developed and assessed for face and content validity, which was carried out in three stages. Phase I consisted of comprehensive literature review, which prompted the development of the first version of the tool. Phase II consisted of validation by an expert panel. Phase III consisted of a pilot study with hypertensive patients and preparation of the final version of the instrument. Results Literature review yielded 30 studies, out of which 13 factors associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease control and complications were selected. Once the initial version of the tool named INSAF-HAS was obtained, four expert meetings were held, each leading to instrument improvement until a final consensus was reached. In the pilot study, INSAF-HAS was applied to 30 patients with a diagnosis of hypertension for applicability pretest; adjustments were made and the final version of INSAF-HAS obtained. Conclusion The INSAF-HAS tool developed in this study has face and content validity, and may contribute to the selection of patients with hypertension in greater need of pharmaceutical care services.